Journal: Frontiers in Physiology
Article Title: Novel 4th-generation phytase improves broiler growth performance and reduces woody breast severity through modulation of muscle glucose uptake and metabolism
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1376628
Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of phytase supplementation on the expression of AMPK subunits in broiler breast muscle. The levels of pan and phosphorylated AMPKα1/2 at Thr172 site were determined by Western blot analysis (A,B) . mRNA abundances of AMPKα1 I, AMPKα2 (D) , AMPKI (E) , AMPKβ2 (F) , AMPKγ1 (G) , AMPKγ2 (H) , AMPKγ3 (I) , and MT-ATP8 (J) were measured by real-time quantitative PCR and analyzed by 2 −ΔΔCt method . Data are presented as mean ± SEM ( n = 6 birds/group). Different letters indicate significant difference at p < 0.05. AMPK, adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase; MT-ATP8, mitochondrial ATP synthase F0 subunit 8; NC, negative control; NC + P, negative control supplemented with 2,000 phytase units/kg (FYT per kg of feed); PC, positive control.
Article Snippet: Primary antibodies used were rabbit anti-glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1 #A6982, ABClonal, Woburn, MA), rabbit anti-GLUT12 (#LS-C110860, LSBio, Lynwood, WA), rabbit anti-glucokinase (GK, #A15059, ABClonal, Woburn, MA), rabbit anti-hexokinase 1(HK1, #A1054, ABClonal, Woburn, MA), rabbit anti-HK2 (#A20829, ABClonal, Woburn, MA), rabbit anti-phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPKα1/α2) Thr172 (#2531, Cell Signaling, Technology, Danvers, MA), rabbit anti-AMPKα1/α2 (#2603, Cell Signaling, Technology, Danvers, MA), rabbit anti-phospho-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) Ser2448 (#2971, Cell Signaling, Technology, Danvers, MA), rabbit anti-mTOR (#2972, Cell Signaling, Technology, Danvers, MA), goat anti-phospho-P70S6 kinase (P70S6K) Thr389 (#SC-11759, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX), rabbit anti-P70S6K (#SC-230, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX), mouse anti-phospho-glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) Ser9 (#SC-373800, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX), and rabbit anti-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, #NB300-327, Novus Biologicals, Centennial, CO) as a housekeeping protein.
Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Negative Control, Positive Control